Influence of Surface Coating towards the Controlled Toxicity of ZnO Nanoparticles In Vitro

The uncertainties in ZnO-mediated toxicity and particle stability a biological system remain challenge mitigate against deployment as next-generation nanoparticles (NPs), especially biomedical applications. With that perspective, the present study investigates surface chemical properties of ZnO NPs coated with three different surfactant biomolecules, namely polyethylene glycol (PEG), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to control toxicity-induced potentials. On testing surface-functionalized NPs, notable changes sizes, morphology, zeta potential, hydrodynamic size compared pure are observed. In addition, FTIR spectroscopy, TGA, XRD, XPS, HRTEM analysis showed significant structures functional groups on functionalization. Following physical characterization, cell viability rat liver BRL-3A-treated ZnO–PEG, ZnO–CTAB, ZnO–SDS (<50%) falls between 70% 95% dose-determined manner. cells treated higher percentage apoptotic (~61%), which is significantly than 3.4%, 1.5%, 0.6% for ZnO–PEG-, ZnO–CTAB-, ZnO–SDS-treated (respectively). Furthermore, functionalization was observed reduce content reactive oxygen species (ROS) 13.6%, 9.7%, 2.6% level ~71% from ZnO-treated cells. Besides marked impairment mitochondrial potentials induced by surfactant–ZnO were slow down induction DNA fragmentation retain structural integrity membranes. effects controlled order > ZnO–CTAB i.e., anionic cationic non-ionic. Overall analysis, stresses importance having suitable ligand so use them sector.